What’s the Difference Between Bourbon and Whiskey?

If you’ve ever stood in front of a liquor shelf wondering whether to pick bourbon or whiskey, you’re not alone. At first glance, they look similar, they’re made from grains, and both are aged in barrels. But the truth is, bourbon and whiskey are not the same thing. Understanding the differences will not only help you make better buying decisions but also deepen your appreciation for one of the world’s oldest spirits. In this guide, we’ll break down everything you need to know about bourbon vs. whiskey—including history, ingredients, production, flavors, and how to enjoy them best.

Whiskey 101: A Quick Overview

Whiskey (or whisky, depending on the country) is a distilled alcoholic beverage made from fermented grains and aged in wooden barrels. Different regions around the world—from Ireland to Japan—make their own styles of whiskey, each with unique traditions and regulations. Some of the most common types include:

• Irish Whiskey – Smooth and triple-distilled, often lighter in flavor.
• Scotch Whisky – Typically smoky and peaty, made in Scotland.
• American Whiskey – Includes bourbon, Tennessee whiskey, and rye.
• Canadian Whisky – Usually blended, with a lighter profile.
• Japanese Whisky – Modeled after Scotch, with delicate flavors.

Think of whiskey as the broad category under which bourbon falls—much like how champagne is a type of sparkling wine.

Bourbon: America’s Native Spirit

Bourbon is a type of American whiskey with very specific rules. By U.S. law, for a spirit to be called bourbon, it must meet all the following requirements:

• Made in the U.S. – Though it can be made anywhere in the country, Kentucky is the most famous producer.
• At least 51% corn – Corn is the dominant grain, which gives bourbon its signature sweetness.
• Aged in new, charred oak barrels – Unlike other whiskies that can use reused barrels, bourbon must always use fresh, charred American oak.
• Distilled at no more than 160 proof (80% ABV).
• Entered into the barrel at no more than 125 proof (62.5% ABV).
• Bottled at a minimum of 80 proof (40% ABV).

Because of these standards, bourbon is rich, sweet, and full-bodied compared to many other whiskeys.

Bourbon vs. Whiskey: The Key Differences

Now that we’ve covered the basics, let’s dive into the direct comparison of bourbon and whiskey.

1. Ingredients

Whiskey can be made from a wide variety of grains, including barley, rye, wheat, and corn. Bourbon, however, must be made from at least 51% corn. This makes bourbon sweeter than many other whiskeys, especially rye-heavy ones.

2. Production Location

Whiskey is made all over the world—Scotland, Ireland, Canada, Japan, and the U.S. Bourbon, by law, can only be made in the United States. While not all bourbon is from Kentucky, around 95% of it is produced there.

3. Barrel Requirements

Whiskeys like Scotch and Irish whisky can use reused barrels, sometimes those previously used for sherry or wine. Bourbon, on the other hand, must always be aged in brand new, charred oak barrels, giving it a deeper vanilla and caramel profile.

4. Flavor Profiles

Bourbon is generally sweeter, with notes of caramel, vanilla, and oak. Rye whiskey tends to be spicier, Scotch can be smoky or malty, and Irish whiskey is smoother and lighter. If you enjoy sweetness, bourbon is your go-to. If you like complexity or smokiness, you may prefer Scotch or rye whiskey.

5. Legal Standards

All bourbon is whiskey, but not all whiskey is bourbon. Bourbon has very strict regulations set by the U.S. government, while whiskey definitions are broader and vary by region.

History of Bourbon and Whiskey

The history of whiskey dates back to the medieval monks of Ireland and Scotland, who first distilled grains into “uisce beatha” (water of life). Over time, whiskey spread worldwide. Bourbon, however, has a distinctly American history, tracing its roots to the 18th century when settlers in Kentucky discovered that corn grew better than rye. They began distilling it, aging it in charred oak barrels, and the rest is history.

The name “bourbon” likely comes from Bourbon County, Kentucky, although some believe it was inspired by Bourbon Street in New Orleans—a major port where the spirit was shipped and popularized.

How to Drink Bourbon vs. Whiskey

While there’s no wrong way to drink bourbon or whiskey, here are some popular methods:

• Neat – Served plain at room temperature for maximum flavor.
• On the Rocks – Poured over ice, which mellows the spirit.
• With a Splash of Water – A few drops of water can open up the aromas.
• Cocktails – Classics like the Old Fashioned, Manhattan, or Whiskey Sour highlight the spirit beautifully.

Bourbon vs. Whiskey in Cocktails

Bourbon is often used in cocktails that benefit from its sweetness—like an Old Fashioned or Mint Julep. Rye whiskey, with its spice, is a popular choice for a Manhattan. Scotch and Irish whiskey are typically enjoyed neat or with minimal mixers to showcase their unique profiles.

Frequently Asked Questions

Is all bourbon whiskey?

Yes, all bourbon is whiskey. But not all whiskey is bourbon. Think of bourbon as a subset within the whiskey family.

Does bourbon taste different than whiskey?

Yes. Bourbon usually tastes sweeter, with strong notes of vanilla, caramel, and oak. Other whiskeys can be smokier, spicier, or smoother depending on their grain and region.

Is Jack Daniel’s bourbon or whiskey?

Jack Daniel’s is a Tennessee whiskey. While it meets most of the bourbon requirements, the additional charcoal filtering process makes it Tennessee whiskey instead of bourbon.

Is Scotch a whiskey?

Yes. Scotch is whisky made in Scotland, usually from malted barley and often with smoky flavors from peat.

Bourbon and Whiskey Food Pairings

Pairing food with bourbon or whiskey can elevate your dining experience. Here are some ideas:

• Bourbon: BBQ ribs, pecan pie, dark chocolate, grilled steak.
• Irish Whiskey: Light cheeses, seafood, apple pie.
• Scotch: Smoked salmon, strong cheeses, dark chocolate truffles.
• Rye Whiskey: Spicy dishes, pastrami, rye bread.

Why the Difference Matters

Understanding the difference between bourbon and whiskey helps you select the right bottle for your tastes and occasions. Whether you’re mixing cocktails, building a collection, or simply enjoying a pour after a long day, knowing what sets bourbon apart can enhance your appreciation and enjoyment.

Conclusion

So, what’s the difference between bourbon and whiskey? In short, bourbon is always whiskey, but not all whiskey is bourbon. Bourbon is defined by its corn-heavy recipe, American origin, and new charred oak barrel aging, which give it a sweeter, richer flavor. Whiskey, as a category, encompasses a wide world of traditions and flavors, from Scotch to Irish whiskey to Japanese whisky. Now that you know the difference, you can confidently choose the right spirit for your next celebration or quiet evening at home.

Ready to taste the difference for yourself? Shop our Bourbon Collection or Explore our Whiskey Selection today.